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| Lustration in Poland ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Lustration in Poland refers to the policy of limiting the participation of former communists, and especially informants of the communist secret police (from the years 1944–90), in the successor governments or even in civil service positions. ''Lustration'', "cleansing", derives from Latin ''lustratio'', a Roman purification ceremony. The first lustration bill was passed by the Polish Parliament already in 1992, but it was declared unconstitutional by the Constitutional Tribunal of the Republic of Poland. Several other projects were then submitted and reviewed by a dedicated commission, resulting in a new lustration law passed in 1996.==1997–2007==In the years 1997–2007 lustration was dealt with by the office of Public Interest Spokesperson (''Rzecznik Interesu Publicznego''), who analyzed lustration declarations and could initiate further proceedings, including submitting a request to the courts to initiate a legal lustration proceeding. The declarations may be seen as forms of public confessions, through which offices are exchanged for truth in a similar way as amnesty was exchanged for truth in South Africa.Roman David (2006), ( In Exchange for Truth: Polish Lustration and the South African Amnesty Process, ) ''Politikon''. South African Journal of Political Studies 32(1): pp. 81-99. Owing to its resemblance with the South African truth and reconciliation process, the Polish lustration system of the period is seen as the most innovative among all lustration models in Central and Eastern Europe.Roman David (2011), ''Lustration and Transitional Justice: Personnel Systems in the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland.'' Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Lustration in Poland refers to the policy of limiting the participation of former communists, and especially informants of the communist secret police (from the years 1944–90), in the successor governments or even in civil service positions. ''Lustration'', "cleansing", derives from Latin ''lustratio'', a Roman purification ceremony. The first lustration bill was passed by the Polish Parliament already in 1992, but it was declared unconstitutional by the Constitutional Tribunal of the Republic of Poland. Several other projects were then submitted and reviewed by a dedicated commission, resulting in a new lustration law passed in 1996.
==1997–2007==
In the years 1997–2007 lustration was dealt with by the office of Public Interest Spokesperson (''Rzecznik Interesu Publicznego''), who analyzed lustration declarations and could initiate further proceedings, including submitting a request to the courts to initiate a legal lustration proceeding. The declarations may be seen as forms of public confessions, through which offices are exchanged for truth in a similar way as amnesty was exchanged for truth in South Africa.〔Roman David (2006), ( In Exchange for Truth: Polish Lustration and the South African Amnesty Process, ) ''Politikon''. South African Journal of Political Studies 32(1): pp. 81-99.〕 Owing to its resemblance with the South African truth and reconciliation process, the Polish lustration system of the period is seen as the most innovative among all lustration models in Central and Eastern Europe.〔Roman David (2011), ''Lustration and Transitional Justice: Personnel Systems in the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland.'' Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Lustration in Poland refers to the policy of limiting the participation of former communists, and especially informants of the communist secret police (from the years 1944–90), in the successor governments or even in civil service positions. ''Lustration'', "cleansing", derives from Latin ''lustratio'', a Roman purification ceremony. The first lustration bill was passed by the Polish Parliament already in 1992, but it was declared unconstitutional by the Constitutional Tribunal of the Republic of Poland. Several other projects were then submitted and reviewed by a dedicated commission, resulting in a new lustration law passed in 1996.==1997–2007==In the years 1997–2007 lustration was dealt with by the office of Public Interest Spokesperson (''Rzecznik Interesu Publicznego''), who analyzed lustration declarations and could initiate further proceedings, including submitting a request to the courts to initiate a legal lustration proceeding. The declarations may be seen as forms of public confessions, through which offices are exchanged for truth in a similar way as amnesty was exchanged for truth in South Africa.Roman David (2006), ( In Exchange for Truth: Polish Lustration and the South African Amnesty Process, ) ''Politikon''. South African Journal of Political Studies 32(1): pp. 81-99. Owing to its resemblance with the South African truth and reconciliation process, the Polish lustration system of the period is seen as the most innovative among all lustration models in Central and Eastern Europe.Roman David (2011), ''Lustration and Transitional Justice: Personnel Systems in the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland.'' Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.」の詳細全文を読む
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